Disturbance eliminator



Oct. 22, 1929. KULEBAKIN `1,732,607

DISTURBANE'ELIMINATOR Filed March 29, 1925 .In ven 201' Patenta& Oct.22, 1929 ,STATES mure vicroa KULEB KI ore Moscow, RUSSIA ISTURBANEELIMINATOR Application filed March 29, 1923, Serial No. 628,@7'7, and inRussia July 25 1922.

The reception of wireless telegraphic and telephonic reports isinfluenced on arcraft, apart from other considerations, mainly by twofactors, viz.

1. By the external noises, which are produced by the working motors, therotation of the air screws, the vibration of the bracing wires, etc.

2. By the disturbing action of the system 10 which serves for' theignition of the combustible mixture in the motors and consists of hightension magnetos or other apparatus, plugs and conductors. i

For-,the purpose of protecting this wireless telegraphie and telephonicreception from external noises special helmets with ear fiaps, which lieclose against the head and ears, also special so called internaltelephones are used, these letter being inserted in the externalauditory passage. This enables the efiect of thesecondary noises of theworking motors .to be kept away from the sounds to be received.Nevertheless the disturbing effect of these secondary noises is verygreat. For this reason the calls and messages to be picked up must besuiciently powerful' to enable the receiver on the aircraft to pick themup accurately 'and therefore it is necessary to intensify them.

To overcome the disturbing action of the electrical ignition apparatussystem of air craft, entirely diflterent means are necessary, as thedisturbng effect is due partly to magnetic incluction butmainly to theradiation of 'the magnetic waves in the formation of the spark at theplug during ignition.

The present invention is based on the consideration that it is not sovery important to screen ofl the receving apparatus or protect it in thesame way, but what should be done is to weaken the radiation of theelectro-magnetic energy of the ignition system considerably during theformation of the s ark.

This is eflected according to the present invention by the use ofconduetors which possess a great ohmic resistance f. i. 1,000,000

ohms) uniformly distributed over i ts whole length, by which theignition apparatus is connected to the motor. The damping resistancemust be in the circuit to be damped. But this circuit is not quitefixed, for the reason 'that the capacity of the ignition current lineswith relation to the metallic mass of the' motor is distributed over thewhole length. Therefore, the clamping resistanceof each line must alsobe distributed over its whole length. Such conductors may consist ofthin conductors of metallic alloys of great ohmic resistance; By usingconductors with a great eo ohmic resistance the degree of damping of theoscillations produced when the spark is formed can be considerably'increased and in this way the, electro-magnetic energy which is to heeliminated can be also reduced. In the drawings, Figur-e 1 showsa con-`structional example of the invention illustrating a six cylinder motorwith a corre sponding ignition apparatus. Figure 2 discloses a portionof 'a chain c'onductor'in ac-` cordance with this invention; Fig.` 3 isa diagrammatic showing of the equivalent electrical eflects of the useof an `oxidizedchain conductor in the ignition circuit. a

The following is a statement of the theory of' operation which isbelieved to be correctz--` The action of'a continuous 'conduc'torof'about 'one million' ohms can be'furthe` increased, when the conductoris replaced by'an oXidized chain.- The resistance characteris tic ofsuch a chain'isa totally different one from that of a continuousconductor. An oxidized chain conductor constitutes 5 the equivalent ofand has the same effect as a net work of condensers, self-inductors andresistances, as shown diagrammatically 'by The contact surfaces of chainlinks present on account of their oxidation not only a high resistanceR, but have also a Capacity action," as indicated diagrammatically byreference characters K in 'Fig..3 of the drawingshThe' chainlinksalsoeonstitutesmall 'self induc ters, which isi `showndiagrammatically by reference characters' L in Fig. 3 ofthe drawr ings.These links together with the metallic'* motor mass, constitute'smallcondensers I which are schematically illustrated in Fig. 3 by referencecharacter C. Such a chain,.

therefore, forms a great number of oscillation circuits, which serve todampen the ignition spark itself after its inception; These inductancesand capacities are of small value and make the frequency of the ignitioncircuit so high that it varies considerably from the frequencies of theradio receiving circuits, and, therefore, does not disturb or interferewith proper reception. The action of the invention is increased if theexternal metallic parts of the plugs and the motor casing are connectedto the ignition apparatus by good conductors at certain points, as shewnin the drawing. A connection of this kind has given a still betterworking.

In Figure 1 the dotted conductors (a) are intended to denote chains ofiron with an oxidized outer surface or other conductors with greatresistance uniformly or intermittently distributed over its wholelength, which chains are diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 2. b is theconnection ot' the external metallic parts of the plugs to the ignitionapparatus and c the conductor for connecting certain points of the motorcasing to each other and to the ignition apparatus. This is forpreventing the occurrence of any electrostatic potentials.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is: i

1. Means associated with the electric ignition system of an internalcombustion engine for preventing any oscillations likely to interferewith radio reception, comprising conductors in said ignition system eachhaving an ohmic resistance of about one million ohms distributedthroughout its length, each conductor comprising a relatively largenumber of parts loosely engaging one another.

2. Means associated with the electric ignition system of an internalcombustion engine for preventing any oscillations likely to interferewith radio reception, comprising connections' in said ignition systemhaving an` ohmc resistance of about one million ohms distributedthroughout their lengths,

said resistance consisting of a chain composed tem generating disruptivedischarges for preventing oscillations likely to interfere with` radioreception,comprising a conductor consisting of a relatively large numberof elements inter-engaging with one another, the outer surfaces of eachof said elements being coated with a compound containing an electricallyconductive substance.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signedmy name.

VICTOR KULBAKIN.

of metallic links the outer surfaces of which are oxidized.v

3. Means associated with an electric s stem generating disruptivedischarges or preventing any oscillations likely to inter- 'ere withradio reception comprising a conductor consistingvof a plurality ofdistinct, loosely connected elements, the outer surface's of which areoxidized.

4. Means associated with an electric sys-

